This speed is critical if it is used to turn the generator directly because the frequency of the ac from the generator is related directly to the rate at which it is turned.Īlmost all horizontal-axis wind turbines have similar components to those discussed in this article, but there are some exceptions. The high-speed shaft is then connected to the generator, which converts the rotational motion to AC voltage. For this reason, the shaft from the gearbox is called the high-speed shaft. The low-speed shaft connects to the gearbox, which has a set of gears that increase the output speed of the shaft to approximately 1,800 rpm for an output frequency of 60 Hz (or a speed of 1,500 rpm if the frequency is 50 Hz). This shaft is called the low-speed shaft because the wind turns the rotating assembly at a leisurely 10 to 20 revolutions per minute (rpm) typically.įigure 1 Basic Parts of a Horizontal-Axis Wind Turbine Notice how the blades are connected to the rotor and to the shaft. The low-speed shaft transfers the energy to a gearbox, high-speed shaft, and generator, which are enclosed in the nacelle for protection. ![]() The rotor receives energy from the wind and produces a torque on a low-speed shaft. ![]() The principal components of a basic HAWT are shown in Figure 1. ![]() The horizontal-axis wind turbine (HAWT) is a wind turbine in which the main rotor shaft is pointed in the direction of the wind to extract power. Horizontal-Axis Wind Turbine Working Principle
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